Evaluation of plant extracts as an antagonist to mycelial. Damage caused by this disease significantly reduces the photosynthesizing area of the leaf, and fruityield losses can reach 50% through premature. Baseline sensitivity of brazilian mycosphaerella fijiensis. Morelet is a sexual, heterothallic fungus having pseudocercospora fijiensis m.
A genetic transformation system has been developed for three mycosphaerella pathogens of banana and plantain musa spp. In brazil, banana crops are spread throughout the country and blsd is a major problem in many areas, particularly in the northern region. Black leaf streak, also known as black sigatoka disease, is caused by pseudocercospora fijiensis teleomorph mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet and is considered the most damaging and costly disease of commercial bananas and plantains 1,2. Microbial control of mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet a. Baseline sensitivity of brazilian mycosphaerella fijiensis isolates to protectant and systemic fungicides populations becomes a key component for the management of blsd.
The study was conducted to determine the critical climatic factors influencing sporulation of mycosphaerella fijiensis and progression of black sigatoka severity in cavendish banana. This disease has a wide geographical distribution accounting for losses exceeding 50% of global banana production. Antifungal effect of five tropical plant leaf extract ocimum gratissimum azadiracta indica, eucalyptus citrodora, venonia amygdalina and momordica charantia on mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet the causative agent of black sigatoka disease in. Although it is spread over short distances by conidia and ascospores, over long distances it is the movement of infected germplasm such as diseased leaves and suckers that is likely to be responsible. Pdf mycosphaerella fijiensis, the black leaf streak. Mycosphaerella musicola was first reported from java in 1902 and by 1962 was found in most banana growing regions of the world. Pathogenic variability in mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet. The pathogen is in an invasive phase in brazil and is already present in most states of the country. Mycosphaerella fijiensis and mycosphaerella musicola, the causal agents of black and yellow sigatoka, respectively, and mycosphaerella eumusae, which causes septoria leaf spot of banana, were transformed with a construct carrying a synthetic gene. Effect of trifloxystrobin and azoxystrobin on the control of black sigatoka mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet on banana and plantain. Currently, only dominica remains free of the disease. Progress towards understanding pathogen biology and detection, disease development, and the challenges of control.
Pathogenic variability in mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet, cause of black sigatoka in banana and plantain. Although in vitro production of conidia has been commonly used for artificial. Black sigatoka is a leafspot disease of banana plants caused by the ascomycete fungus mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet. Mycosphaerella fijiensis wikipedia, a enciclopedia libre. Pdf evaluation of varietal response to black sigatoka. Curative and suppressive activities of essential tea tree. In ecuador, the biggest bananaexporting country in the world, this disease has become increasingly aggressive. Disease index, days to flowering and harvest, and number of functional leaves, plant height, plant diameter and number of suckers at flowering for banana synthetic hybrids and standard cultivar controls evaluated for black leaf streak mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet tolerance and agronomic traits for a second cycle first ratoon in isabela, pr. Black sigatoka, caused by mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet teleomorph of pseudocercospora fijiensis morelet deighton, is regarded as the most damaging and economically important leaf disease of bananas and plantains worldwide carlier et al. Pdf effect of trifloxystrobin and azoxystrobin on the. Antifungal effect of five tropical plant leaf ocimum. Conidial formation was described as blastic and hologenous, conidiophores as primarily local, and conidial formation as apical andor subapical, successive and solitary. Biological control of banana black sigatoka disease with. The spread of the pathogen to areas where its occurrence was not yet detected is expected to happen in the near future.
Philippine ejournals epidemiology of black sigatoka of. Development of a transformation system for mycosphaerella. Black sigatoka, caused by the leaf fungus mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet, is a major constraint to banana production around the world. Mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet sexual phase or paracercospora fijiensis morelet deighton asexual phase, is the main disease affecting the worlds banana culture.
Mycosphaerella fijiensis nolezy do zorty mycosphaerella i familije mycosphaerellaceae. Black sigatoka disease caused by mycosphaerella fijiensis is the most severe banana disease worldwide. Reactive oxygen species and cellular interactions between. A simple methodology to isolate conidia of mycosphaerella fijiensis from infected banana leaves was implemented. Olsen the horticulture and food research institute of new zealand mount albert research centre private bag 92169 auckland, new zealand abstract sixtythree strains of mycosphaerella. It is a haploid, hemibiotrophic ascomycete within the class dothideomycetes, order capnodiales and family mycosphaerellaceae. Mycosphaerella fijiensis, the black leaf streak pathogen of banana. Four isolates were able to significantly reduce disease severity. Antifungal effect of five tropical plant leaf extract on. Sigatoka leaf spot diseases of bananas proceedings of an international workshop held at san jose, costa rica, 28 march1 april 1989, ed. In different plant species the more commonly used genes for this purpose are those coding for.
Effects of black sigatoka mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet on bananas and plantains in the imbo plain in rwanda and burundi. Evaluation of banana hybrids for tolerance to black leaf. The fungal pathogen infects plants and impedes the photosynthesis by the blackening parts of the leaves, eventually killing the entire leaf. Also known as black leaf streak, it was discovered in 1963 and named for its similarities with yellow sigatoka, which is caused by mycosphaerella musicola mulder, which was itself named after the sigatoka valley in fiji, where an outbreak of this disease reached epidemic. Pathogenic variability in mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet, cause of black sigatoka in banana and plantain r. New zealand journal of crop and horticultural science.
Mycosphaerella fijiensis an overview sciencedirect topics. Mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet, an airborne fungal leafspot disease, is a major constraint. The highest numbers of ascospores and conidia per cubic meter of air were observed during the months of august, october and december 2005. Mycosphaerella fijiensis and mycosphaerella musicola, the causal agents of black and yellow sigatoka, respectively, and mycosphaerella eumusae, which causes septoria leaf spot of banana, were transformed with a construct carrying a synthetic gene encoding green.
Effect of trifloxystrobin and azoxystrobin on the control. A simple method to obtain single conidium isolates directly from banana musa sp. Trials to determine the efficacy of trifloxystrobin 75 and 100 g aiha and azoxystrobin 100 g aiha, on the control of black sigatoka disease caused by mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet m. Short communication quantification of phenols in lesions. Characterisation of the in vitro conidial morphology of. Los bananos de coccion musa spp aab ocupan otras 60 000 hectareas y han ido progresivamente reemplazando las areas dedicadas al cultivo de platanos aab, debido a los bajos rendimientos y la susceptibilidad a las enfermedades, principalmente a la sigatoka negra mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet perez, 1998. The leaf segment lsm for rapid testing of pathogenicity of mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet on banana is described in which the size of disease lesion formed on leaf segment is further used as a. No method currently exists for rna extraction from mycosphaerella fijiensis that produces high quantities of. Microbial control of mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet a notable pathogen of bananas and plantains. Evaluation of varietal response to black sigatoka caused by mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet in banana nursery article pdf available january 2011 with 224 reads how we measure reads. However, during rna extraction these compounds constitute a significant challenge to extraction of substantial quantities of highquality rna, and consequently to preparation of cdna libraries. A holistic integrated management approach to control black. The chemical management of the black leaf streak disease in banana caused by mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet requires numerous applications of fungicides per year. It is caused by the airborne fungus mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet, which is spread from tree to tree by wind, rain, and irrigation water splashes.
378 1512 1413 506 497 875 407 1374 1562 130 399 209 1523 1034 899 807 543 581 838 695 67 1222 883 1247 1025 966 1043 32 737 166 123 118 62 339 1518 705 1106 690 212 1412 511 517 846 1318 1239